How to become a network engineer

In a digitally-driven world, someone has to make sure everything connects. Network engineers build these digital pathways and are a vital part of making sure data flows seamlessly. In our guide, learn what you need to know to pursue a job in network engineering, including what steps to take to launch your career.

What does a network engineer do?

Network engineers design, install, and manage the infrastructure that keeps businesses (and all of us) connected. They create reliable and secure networks that can support essential digital operations for businesses, and that's in nearly every field, from healthcare to e-commerce to your local bank.

Major responsibilities for network engineers may include:

• Plan network layouts, configure hardware, and ensure network systems remain reliable.
• Use monitoring tools to track network performance and troubleshoot issues. Improve speed and efficiency through load balancing and quality measures.
• Install firewalls, VPNs, and security protocols to protect networks from unauthorized access and cyber threats.
• Offer technical support. Resolve network-related issues and maintain user access controls.
• Handle documentation of configurations and procedures for smoother operations and future maintenance or updates.

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), the median annual salary for network engineers (also called computer network architects) was $129,840 in 2023. The BLS also projects the employment of computer network architects to grow by 13% from 2023 to 2033, which is much faster than average.

Steps to become a network engineer

Successful network engineers must possess a combination of education and real-world experience.

Step 1: Earn a bachelor's degree

Most network engineers start by earning their bachelor's degree in computer science, information technology, or a related field. During the program, they build foundational knowledge in topics like networking theory, computer architectures, and network security protocols.

That said, you may not need a degree in order to secure a job as a network engineer. In some cases, a combination of certifications and real-world experience can qualify you for a role in the field. However, a degree will likely make you a stronger candidate and offer broader career prospects.

Step 2: Get professional certifications

Certifications showcase your expertise in specialized areas to a potential employer. They validate necessary skills and could make you stand out in the job market. Some in-demand certifications you could pursue include Cisco Certified Network Associate (CCNA), CompTIA Network+, or AWS Certified Advanced Networking.

Step 3: Choose a specialization

Network engineers often specialize in a specific type of networking or approach. Some common niches include:

• Network Security: Protects network infrastructure through firewalls, VPNs, and security protocols; prevents breaches and maintains data integrity
• Cloud Networking: Manages and optimizes cloud-based networks; ensures seamless connectivity, security, and performance in cloud environments
• Data Centers: Designs and maintains data center networks; manages high-volume traffic, network architecture, and infrastructure for the best data flow
• Network Automation: Uses scripts and tools to automate network configurations, deployments, and management
• Software-Defined Networking (SDN): Implements software-driven network architectures for centralized control; enables more agile and scalable network management

But these are not the only possible specializations. You should consider industry demand, your own personal interests, and emerging trends in technology to find certifications that are right for you.

Step 4: Gain work experience

Certifications and education can prepare you for the workforce, but real-world experience assures employers that you can handle the challenging aspects of the position. To get this experience, you can look for internships or entry-level roles. Additionally, industry events like hackathons can help you build a name for yourself.

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edX offers a variety of certifications and degrees in the field of network engineering. Discover different pathways to launch your career as a network engineer.